Stratosphere-troposphere coupling
Stratosphere and troposphere are coupled by mass exchange and due to dynamical processes as studied in the German AFO2000 project Kopplung von Dynamik und Atmosphärischer Chemie in der Stratosphäre [Coupling of dynamics and atmospheric chemistry in the stratosphere]. Mainly the vertical propagation characteristics of planetary waves were studied to understand variability of climate in the troposphere.
Selected Publications:
- Perlwitz, J. and H.-F. Graf, 1995: The statistical connection between tropospheric and stratospheric circulation of the Northern hemisphere in winter. Journal of Climate Vol.8, No. 10,
- Graf, H.-F.; J. Perlwitz; I. Kirchner and I. Schult, 1995: Recent northern winter climate
- trends, Ozone changes and increased greenhouse forcing. Contr. Atmos. Phys., 68, 233-248, 1995
- Perlwitz, J., H.-F. Graf, and R. Voss, 2000: The leading mode of the coupled troposphere stratosphere winter circulation in different climate regimes. Journ. Geophys. 105,6915-6926.
- Perlwitz, J. and H.-F. Graf, 2001: Troposphere-stratosphere dynamic coupling under strong and weak polar vortex conditions. Geophysical Research Letters, 28, 271-274
- Perlwitz, J., Graf, H.-F., 2001: The variability of the horizontal circulation in the troposphere and stratosphere - a comparison. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 69, 149-161
- Castanheira, J.M., H.-F. Graf, C.C. Da Camara and A. Rocha, 2002: Using a physical
- reference frame to study global circulation variabilty. J ATMOS SCI 59 (9): 1490-1501 MAY 2002
- Gillett, N., Graf, H.-F., and T. Osborn, 2002: Climate Change and the North Atlantic
- oscillation, in AGU Geophysical Monograph Series Vol. 134, The North Atlantic Oscillation: Climatic Significance and Environmental Impact, eddited by J.W. Hurrell, Y. Kushnir, G. Ottersen, and M. Visbek, 193-209
- Walter, K., Graf, H.-F., 2002: On the changing nature of the regional connection between the North Atlantic Oscillation and sea surface temperature, J. Geophys. Res., 107 (D17), 4338, doi: 10.1029/2001JD000850, 2002
- Castanheira, J.M. and H.-F. Graf, 2003: North Pacific - North Atlantic relationships under stratospheric control? J. Geophys. Res., Vol.108, D1, 4036, doi :10.1029/2002JD002754, 2003
- Chen W., M. Takahashi, and H.-F. Graf, 2003: Interannual variations of stationary planetary wave activity in the northern winter troposphere and stratosphere and their relations to Northern Annular Mode and Sea Surface temperature, J Geophys. Res.-Atmos 108 (D22): art.no. 4705 Nov 25, 2003
- K. Walter, H.-F. Graf, 2005: The North Atlantic variability structure, storm tracks, and
- precipitation depending on the polar vortex strength, Atmos Chem Physics, 5, 239-248, SRef-ID:1680-7324/acp/2005-5-239
- Graf, H.-F. and K. Walter, 2005: Polar vortex controls coupling of North Atlantic oceanand atmosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L01704, doi:10.1029/2004GL020664, 2005
- Walter, K. and H.-F. Graf, 2005: Life cycles of the North Atlantic Teleconnections under strong and weak polar vortex conditions. QJRMS, accepted